Five years of migrant workers for four cities "tourism work" into a lifestyle

Recently, the Department of Sociology of Tsinghua University and the Industrial Group released the "Research Report on Employment Trends of Short-term Employment of Migrant Workers" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report"). The "Report" shows that short-term work has become a fairly common trend for migrant workers, and some people dubiously call it "tourist work." These migrant workers are carrying some of the ideals of traveling around the world, and some have a family. Old and full of food and clothing, some have a very relaxed back, and others like the whole world are pressing on their backs.

“Young people would have to go around and work everywhere!” In the hall of the human resources market in Beilin District, Xi'an, a tall young man in a brown jacket looked at various recruitment information carefully, spreading his hand from time to time. Xi'an maps are carefully considered. The young man named Zhang Mingyu, a 23-year-old Sichuan native, had just arrived in Xi’an for more than three months. Before that, he served as a waiter in a restaurant in Zhengzhou. He worked for five years and changed four places from south to north.

trend

"Tourism" has become a kind of

Increasingly popular lifestyle

Zhang Mingyu’s long wait was for a toy company in Guangzhou. He became the supervisor one year later, but the company suddenly collapsed. From then on, he began the life of frequently changing jobs. He first studied and repaired cars in his hometown of Yibin, and later went to Chengdu to deliver to a clothing factory. In November last year, Zhang Mingyu, who once again decided to “change the environment,” went to Zhengzhou, and now he moved to Xi’an.

“Not that I didn’t work hard, I didn’t feel serious, and I always felt that I couldn’t settle down. Then I was treated badly. Besides the first job, I only found less than a thousand dollars each month after I stayed. I’m so A large group of 10,000 yuan a year to go home embarrassed ah! Every time he changed jobs, Zhang Mingyu himself resigned. He said he never regretted.

The "Report" shows that 66% of migrant workers have changed their jobs. The average duration of each job for migrant workers is 2 years, and the interval between two jobs is more than half a year, and the trend of short-term labor increases year by year. Among the young people, mainly university students and white-collar workers, “tourism work” has become an increasingly popular lifestyle.

"I didn't know what I was going to see. I was very embarrassed when I went there." Zhang Mingyu said that when he was in New Year, his exchanges with his fellow locals were mostly about the trips of the four parties because of his understanding of the migrant workers of the older generation, the environment for growth, and the level of education. Compared with the differences, the new generation of migrant workers tend to be more short-worked. Compared with the "conservative and stable" concept of their parents, young people like Zhang Mingyu pay more attention to their long-term planning and higher pursuit. Zhang Mingyu said: "I hope to find a job like sales, because I like to deal with people, and I like to run around, I'm not married yet."

phenomenon

Highly educated workers

Change operating frequency higher

Mao Wen was a junior student in a vocational school in Chongqing. He started an internship last December. He first went to Tianjin with his classmates, and he returned to Xi’an for a few days after returning home for the rest of the year. The reason was simply that he came together during the Chinese New Year. The classmates all returned home and felt that it wasn't fun for a person to stay there."

"I'm not right now. Walking around, looking for a job, visiting the local scenery by the way, it's also a growth experience." When Mao Wen arrived in Xi'an, he was not busy finding a job. Instead, he played all the places where Xi'an could play. He rented a house and arranged everything to find a job. However, after playing for almost a week, he suddenly felt that he wanted to leave. I admit that I don't have a definite goal right now, maybe it's not serious enough, and I'm not even sure if I want to start work."

Wang Cheng is a newly graduated student of the Shaanxi Vocational and Technical College of Industry. He has already changed three jobs. At the beginning, he ran a business at a brewery in Xianyang and sold it. Later, he installed a navigation device at a company in Xi’an and later started to work as a real estate agent. When asked why the industry is so different, Wang Cheng explained: “The goal is uncertain and I haven’t found a suitable industry or position.” Asking exactly what kind of job he’s looking for, Wang Cheng said he’s not clear. The big aspect is "a unit that has the prospect of development and can exercise itself, so that once one day is ripe, one can work alone."

In such a frequent industry shift, Liu Feng, a teacher who substitutes for a vocational school in Shaanxi, suggests that students are dissatisfied with some vocational education and that it is difficult to connect well with labor companies. Some vocational college students may be treated better than those with low academic qualifications. Even worse, students often try after graduation.

The survey data in the report supports this view: The average duration of working hours for college graduates is 1.2 years, while that of junior high school graduates is 2.1 years, and that of high school/secondary school/professionals is 2.2 years.

Helpless

Female migrant workers

Find a balance between ideals and reality

"If you have money or money, you can travel while you work. Before the age of 30, experience the beauty and experience life." The "Working Tourism Group" of Douban has gathered a lot of fellow Chinese who work and travel. They have resigned to "add some trajectory to life".

There is no pressure of life, no family burden, and college students experience life-style “tourism work”, which is obviously more romantic than the migrant workers who are going for livelihoods.

"Nothing special, just want to hit the road!" Ma Xiaolin, who is 30 years old, has practiced this way. Five years ago, she had resolutely resigned from the job of a foreign company and started her travel life. As a result, this trip was five years and she could not stop.

Women have more difficulties in working on the road than men. Ma Xiaolin said that in addition to romance, it is sometimes embarrassing. Because there is no stable work, travel must be saved. There have been 36 seats of hard seats to Lhasa on three occasions. The older you feel, the greater the pressure on the outside world. You are still older. Female youth. The colt said: "I don't know how long I'll stick with it. I'm afraid to worry my parents. Some people think I'm smart, some people think I'm stupid, and I don't make money with my youth. It's just for travel. The 30-year-old With so much toss, I'm struggling to find a balance between ideals and reality and get out of a way that belongs to me." She calls herself a poor traveler, gave up her good job for travel, and gave up her beautiful clothes. , Give up the youthful years, sometimes it will be very confused and helpless.

The “Report” shows that the trend of short-duty female workers is more obvious, and female migrant workers generally only have a place in the labor market when they are young and unmarried. No matter whether they are working or traveling, women will always have to pay more. Courage, tolerate more hardships.

Since 2010, Yang Li, a 30-year-old single young woman, has started cycling from Fujian alone. Now she has gone to Guangdong and Guangxi, aiming to travel around the country. Yang Li said: "Original work has squeezed most of my time and energy. It made me feel emptied. The lack of love made me long for a warm home, but I was powerless and my family did not understand it. ”

Li Yi from Shenzhen traveled from the university to work alone while working alone. Tibetan areas have basically all gone, and the Sichuan-Tibet line, the Yunnan-Tibet line, the new Tibet line, and the Qinghai-Tibet line have all passed. When walking on the north line of the Sichuan-Tibet line, there are few remote mountain village buses, and some roads even have no access to the bus. She can only sit with the Tibetans on the back of a large truck. “At night when driving, the temperature is very low. Even if you bring a sleeping bag, you can't freeze it well. Then you cover the yak blanket with the Tibetans.” In those thrilling moments, Li Yi described it calmly and did not show off the colors.

breakthrough

Build a good docking platform

Eliminate the phenomenon of "short labor"

"What do you say? What do people say when they leave? The business suddenly disappears." Chen in Hunan Province opened a Hunan restaurant as a couple in Xi'an. The staff's instability made the 40-year-old man anxious to start his hair. Now.

Chen’s restaurant was originally a one-story scale, and the business was not bad. Just as the transfer of the hot pot shop upstairs, he rented his teeth and turned the scale into two layers. The natural staff also expanded their enrollments. Chen can be tricky. The staff expanded from the original nine expansions to 15, and after four months, four employees left. He reluctantly said: "Originally, the two sides said it would be good to finish at the end of the year. However, because no written contract was signed, people said that they would go away. Originally the expansion of the enrollment was to make more money. However, now the manpower is not enough, and the original scale is equal to white. In fact, it has not been scaled up before it has been enlarged."

There are various reasons why migrant workers frequently change jobs. The “Report” shows that more than one-third of migrant workers did not improve their salary, skills, and management level during the previous job period. The rapid changes in status and the level of work flow are not conducive to protection. The employment rights and personal development of migrant workers are also not conducive to promoting the production and development of enterprises and maintaining social stability.

A hotel near the Beilin Human Resources Market also posted recruitment notices at the entrance. There is a clear requirement for employees: “The service industry recruits people is to do basic service work, and the employees’ academic qualifications are not high, but they are required to be ordinary. The staff are serious and practical, and we like this kind of staff.”

"To tell the truth, we are willing to reduce many of our requests only to hope that our employees can be realistic, otherwise the initial investment in training will be lost." 37-year-old Pan Lin is responsible for staff recruitment, he said: "In the past five or six years, employee mobility The rate is particularly high. This is a headache for the entire industry. Although it is relatively easy to get started in the service industry, it needs to be done well. It does not mean that you will do it. It will only be the first step. How can you do a good job? It is an improvement in the real sense. We have trained our staff to put in a lot of energy. Therefore, we hope that the staff will be relatively stable in this position so that our investment is worthwhile."

He Jiangsui, a teacher of the Department of Sociology at the China University of Political Science and Law, believes that the apparent cause of the trend of short-term industrialization is that migrant workers are pursuing better treatment and space for development. The deeper reason is the new generation of migrant workers in terms of life opportunities and education. The changes have brought about tremendous changes in the positioning of the new generation of migrant workers. In addition, factors such as the household registration system, education, and medical system that cannot meet their needs and do not give them enough channels to express their appeals are also reasons for the short-term work.

According to Li Jiuxin, president of Gongzhongwang.com, from the current perspective, the breakthrough of the short-term industrialization problem lies in doing a good job in the introduction of migrant workers, setting up a good platform for information exchange between migrant workers and enterprises, and shortening their waiting time so as to reduce Short-worked migrant workers and negative impact on social stability.

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