Mine ventilation knowledge

First, why should the mine be ventilated?

Mine ventilation is to continuously send the ground air to the underground, while continuously discharging the dirty air from the well. The effect of ventilation is as follows:

(A) supplying underground personnel with sufficient fresh air, to meet the breathing needs person; (ii) dilute exclude dust and toxic gases downhole, to ensure that workers are not toxic, maintaining the cleanliness of air in order to prevent gas and coal dust explosion; (iii Diluting, removing heat and steam from the well, creating suitable climatic conditions and improving the working environment of employees.

It can be seen that mine ventilation has very important significance in the measures to ensure personal safety and mine safety production.

     Second, how to carry out ventilation

How to send the fresh air from the ground to the various working places in the underground, and then remove the dirty air from the underground to the ground. In order to achieve the purpose of mine ventilation, each mine must have at least two wellheads, one for incoming air and one for return air, and a fan is installed at the return air well. This is called mechanical ventilation of the mine shaft. The mine is such a fan. The fresh air from the ground is sent to various working places downhole, which discharges the dirty air and harmful gases from the underground to the ground.

In order to distribute fresh air to various working places as needed, in the underground roadways, ventilation structures such as wind walls, dampers and wind bridges are provided according to the needs of ventilation. In some roadways, there is also an adjustment wind window for adjusting the air volume. These ventilation structures are necessary means to ensure that fresh air volume is sent to each wind location as needed. For example, when the inlet and return air meet at the same place, in order to separate the incoming and return air, a wind bridge must be installed at this location; The wind is cut off, and a damper or the like needs to be set at a certain place in the roadway. Therefore, after anyone passes the damper, the damper must be closed. When the vehicle passes through the damper, the two adjacent dampers must not be opened at the same time, otherwise the wind will be short-circuited, so that some places will not get enough fresh air.

Third, we must protect the underground ventilation structure

(1) The wind wall is also called airtight. It cuts off the wind or encloses the goaf and prevents the gas from spreading to the mine.

(2) The damper. It is a ventilated structure that both cuts off the wind and passes pedestrians and vehicles.

(3) Wind Bridge. It is a ventilated structure that separates two incoming and returning winds.

(4) Adjusting the wind window. It is a ventilated structure that reduces the amount of air in a roadway.