Through five years of efforts, China's mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials industry (abbreviated to "three bases") will significantly increase their innovation capabilities, significantly improve the level of processing and manufacturing, can basically meet the development needs of major equipment, and serious industrial development. Lag situation has changed.
On November 25, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially released the “12th Five-Year Development Plan for Machinery Basic Parts, Basic Manufacturing Processes and Basic Materials Industry†(abbreviated as “Planningâ€). Based on the analysis of the status quo of the above three industries, the plan clarifies the development goals and ideas of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, determines the key points and major tasks for industrial development, and puts forward relevant safeguard measures.
It is worth mentioning that "Planning" proposes to study and establish special projects for "three bases" industry development, focusing on supporting industry's technology research and development and industrialization, promotion and application of advanced technologies, pilot demonstration of new products, research and development, testing, training and other industrial services. Platform construction and so on. Encourage financial institutions to set up special funds for "three-base" industrial development. Guide local, corporate and social capitals to increase capital investment in the “three-base†industries.
Encountered two-way extrusion machinery is the basis for the survival and development of the equipment manufacturing industry, and its level directly determines the performance, quality and reliability of major equipment and host products. Relative to the host industry, the development of mechanical components in China lags behind.
Take high-speed EMUs as an example, domestic companies have the capability of independent design and assembly and integration, but important components such as wheelsets, gearboxes, and bearings still rely on imports. "The development speed of high-end bearings in China has not kept pace with the development speed of the host." Wang Quanqing, secretary general of the China Bearing Industry Association, told the China Industry News reporter. At present, China still has a big gap in the fields of high-speed iron bearings, wind power spindle bearings, and gearbox bearings. Among them, the bearings used by EMUs with speeds over 160 kilometers per hour are currently completely imported from Swedish giants such as SKF.
In recent years, the level of China's equipment manufacturing industry has greatly increased, large-scale equipment can basically meet the needs of national economic construction, but the high-end "three-base" products can not keep up with the requirements of the development of the host, the rapid development of high-end host and supporting the "three bases" The contradiction of insufficient supply of products has become a bottleneck restricting the development of China's major equipment and high-end equipment. It is mainly manifested in four aspects: weak independent innovation capability, unreasonable industrial structure, low overall product level, and backward production equipment.
The "planning" pointed out that after the financial crisis, the re-industrialization trend of industrialized countries is obvious, and energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction, and low-carbon requirements are more stringent, which will promote a new round of more intense industrial competition. The development of China's "three basics" is not only subject to the "high-end card-positioning" of trade protection measures such as intellectual property rights, technological standards, and green barriers in industrialized countries, but also the "low-end squeeze" formed by developing countries' lower-cost competitive advantages. ". At present, the development of China's “three-base†industries has lagged behind the mainframe and is solidified in the middle and low end of the industrial chain. The situation should be reversed as soon as possible, and it is imperative to promote the overall level of the “three-base†industry and international competitiveness.
The target for the next decade will be clear. In the next five years, China will focus on supporting the development of major equipment and high-end equipment, focusing on product breakthroughs, close cooperation between production and demand, strengthening basic technology research, accelerating innovation capacity building, and striving to promote product quality and reliability. The upgrade of sex and life span will increase the promotion and application of advanced technologies and industrialization. Adhere to the four basic principles of “adhere to market orientation, play a guiding role in policyâ€, “adhere to production and demand cooperation, promote professional productionâ€, “adhere to independent innovation, actively carry out international cooperationâ€, “adhere to key breakthroughs, and promote overall industrial upgrading†To create an environment conducive to the development of the "three-base" industries to high-end industries, improve the overall level of the "three-base" industries and international competitiveness, and lay a solid foundation for realizing a large change in the equipment manufacturing industry. The "Plan" clarifies the development goals of the "three-base" industries during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. After five years of efforts, China's "three-base" industrial innovation capability has been significantly enhanced, the level of processing and manufacturing has been significantly improved, and it can basically meet major equipment. The development needs of the industry and the serious lag in industrial development have changed. Specifically including: supporting capabilities, major equipment required mechanical infrastructure supporting capabilities increased to more than 75%; basic level of manufacturing technology to enhance overall high-end large and precision castings and forgings to meet the basic needs of domestic; major equipment required a substantial level of basic materials Promote. In terms of innovation capability, the reliability, performance consistency and stability of mechanical parts have been significantly improved, and the service life of products has increased by 15% to 20%, breaking through the core technologies and industrialization of a number of key basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials. Technology, forming a group of R&D and testing and testing public service platforms.
In terms of organizational structure, it has established a supporting system that is coordinated with the development of the host, a high starting point for technology, specialization, and large quantities; it has formed a large-scale enterprise group with international competitiveness that has a sales income of more than 10 billion yuan for several years, nurturing 100 famous brands. The "professional, refined and special" enterprises have optimized 30 characteristic industrial agglomeration areas. In respect of energy saving, emission reduction and emission reduction, comprehensive promotion and application of green manufacturing processes and equipment, the utilization rate of raw materials increased by 10%, the energy consumption per ton of qualified castings decreased by 0.12 tons of standard coal, the energy consumption per ton of qualified forgings decreased by 0.08 tons of standard coal, and the energy consumption per ton of heat treatment parts With a reduction of 150 kWh, the amount of pollutants emitted was significantly reduced.
"Planning" proposes that by 2020, an industrial structure coordinated with the development of the host machine will be formed to meet the demand for major equipment and high-end equipment for mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials, and the innovation capability and international competitiveness will be at the international advanced level. Some areas are leading internationally.
Focus on the development of 11 types of basic parts The reporter noted that the "plan" to determine the focus is more detailed. The "Planning" proposes to focus on the development of 11 types of mechanical basic parts, 6 types of basic manufacturing processes and 2 types of basic materials, focusing on the major equipment and supporting needs of high-end equipment. Concentrate superior resources, focusing on the development of 20 kinds of iconic mechanical basic parts, 15 landmark basic manufacturing processes and 12 kinds of iconic basic materials, and realize industrialization.
Specifically, in the field of mechanical basic parts, 11 types of mechanical parts, such as high-speed, precision, and heavy-load bearings with strong stimuli and large radiation effects, will be selected as the development priorities, and the performance, reliability, and longevity will be the main focus of development. Make it at or near the international advanced level. Taking bearing as an example, the focus is on 2MW and above fan unit bearings, high-speed EMU bearings, and high-speed and high-precision CNC machine tool bearings; hydraulic components include high-pressure hydraulic components for construction machinery, high-pressure hydraulic valves, and hydrostatic drive devices for agricultural machinery. Species.
In the field of basic manufacturing processes, we will focus on the development of six advanced and green manufacturing processes that will reduce energy and material consumption, improve the environment, and improve product quality and efficiency. In the field of basic materials, the main purpose of economic sustainability will be to focus on the development of high-quality structural materials and process materials required for key basic components.
The “Specialty†for the optimization of clusters of distinctive industries has established seven major tasks, including strengthening independent innovation and promoting industrial technological progress; optimizing the industrial structure and promoting the coordinated development of enterprises; building an R&D and service platform to enhance sustainable development; and increasing technological transformation. , Change the mode of industrial development; Strengthen industry management, improve the overall quality of the industry; Promote the integration of the two, increase the level of informatization; Implement the "double upgrade project of mechanical basic parts and basic manufacturing processes."
"Planning" makes it clear that we will promote the construction of a new industry system that combines enterprises with research, production and research. Encourage "three-base" enterprises to jointly establish research and development institutes, industrial technology alliances, and other technological innovation organizations with scientific research institutes, universities, and host manufacturing enterprises, and give priority to supporting national pilot innovation enterprises, national technology innovation demonstration enterprises, and nationally recognized enterprise technologies. Centers such as innovation capacity building and national key laboratories, national engineering laboratories, national engineering research centers, national engineering technology research centers and other public R&D platforms. Support socialization and professional technology service organizations such as the Industry Productivity Promotion Center to serve “three-based†enterprises.
The "Plan" proposes that through policy guidance, enterprises should promote cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and reorganizations, integrate superior resources, increase industrial concentration, and form large-scale enterprise groups with high starting points, international competitiveness, and output value exceeding 10 billion yuan. . Encourage the “three-base†enterprises to develop in the direction of specialization, market segmentation, and distinctive features, and focus on cultivating 100 “professional, refined, and special†companies that possess core technology, high professionalism, and well-known brands. We will bring into play the leading and radiating role of leading enterprises and form an industrial structure with complementary advantages and coordinated development between large-scale enterprise groups and small and medium-sized enterprises.
At the same time, increase the support and guidance for existing industrial agglomeration areas such as bearings, gears, hydraulic parts, pneumatic parts, seals, chains and sprockets, fasteners, springs, molds, and basic materials, and guide enterprises to gather in the industrial park. . In combination with the “New Industrialization Demonstration Baseâ€, a group of modern industrial agglomerations with distinctive characteristics, outstanding brand image, complete service platform, and relatively concentrated thermal processing will be developed. We will cultivate 30 specialty industrial agglomerations with specialized division of labor and industrial chain collaboration to form a rational and coordinated industrial structure.
In the “triple-based†industrial agglomeration zone, financial market and financial institutions are encouraged to make full use of the existing policies, expand the financing channels of enterprises, and improve the integrity of the “three-based†enterprises under the conditions of commercial sustainability and controllable risks. Guarantee system, develop financial products such as trade financing, accounts receivable financing, and innovative service models. Encourage the listing and financing of advantageous enterprises.
"Planning" also proposes to select 50 advanced green manufacturing processes with mature technologies, wide coverage and significant application effects. "Plan" also proposes to continue to promote enterprise information design in the product design, production process, logistics management, sales and service management, financial management and other aspects. Develop and promote product design software and management software suitable for "three-base" SMEs. Encourage the establishment of continuous improvement, timely response of customer relationships and supply chain management systems between the “triple-based†enterprises and host users, and achieve upstream and downstream information sharing and business collaboration in the industry chain. Cultivate a batch of integrated demonstration companies.
On November 25, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology officially released the “12th Five-Year Development Plan for Machinery Basic Parts, Basic Manufacturing Processes and Basic Materials Industry†(abbreviated as “Planningâ€). Based on the analysis of the status quo of the above three industries, the plan clarifies the development goals and ideas of the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€, determines the key points and major tasks for industrial development, and puts forward relevant safeguard measures.
It is worth mentioning that "Planning" proposes to study and establish special projects for "three bases" industry development, focusing on supporting industry's technology research and development and industrialization, promotion and application of advanced technologies, pilot demonstration of new products, research and development, testing, training and other industrial services. Platform construction and so on. Encourage financial institutions to set up special funds for "three-base" industrial development. Guide local, corporate and social capitals to increase capital investment in the “three-base†industries.
Encountered two-way extrusion machinery is the basis for the survival and development of the equipment manufacturing industry, and its level directly determines the performance, quality and reliability of major equipment and host products. Relative to the host industry, the development of mechanical components in China lags behind.
Take high-speed EMUs as an example, domestic companies have the capability of independent design and assembly and integration, but important components such as wheelsets, gearboxes, and bearings still rely on imports. "The development speed of high-end bearings in China has not kept pace with the development speed of the host." Wang Quanqing, secretary general of the China Bearing Industry Association, told the China Industry News reporter. At present, China still has a big gap in the fields of high-speed iron bearings, wind power spindle bearings, and gearbox bearings. Among them, the bearings used by EMUs with speeds over 160 kilometers per hour are currently completely imported from Swedish giants such as SKF.
In recent years, the level of China's equipment manufacturing industry has greatly increased, large-scale equipment can basically meet the needs of national economic construction, but the high-end "three-base" products can not keep up with the requirements of the development of the host, the rapid development of high-end host and supporting the "three bases" The contradiction of insufficient supply of products has become a bottleneck restricting the development of China's major equipment and high-end equipment. It is mainly manifested in four aspects: weak independent innovation capability, unreasonable industrial structure, low overall product level, and backward production equipment.
The "planning" pointed out that after the financial crisis, the re-industrialization trend of industrialized countries is obvious, and energy saving, emission reduction, consumption reduction, and low-carbon requirements are more stringent, which will promote a new round of more intense industrial competition. The development of China's "three basics" is not only subject to the "high-end card-positioning" of trade protection measures such as intellectual property rights, technological standards, and green barriers in industrialized countries, but also the "low-end squeeze" formed by developing countries' lower-cost competitive advantages. ". At present, the development of China's “three-base†industries has lagged behind the mainframe and is solidified in the middle and low end of the industrial chain. The situation should be reversed as soon as possible, and it is imperative to promote the overall level of the “three-base†industry and international competitiveness.
The target for the next decade will be clear. In the next five years, China will focus on supporting the development of major equipment and high-end equipment, focusing on product breakthroughs, close cooperation between production and demand, strengthening basic technology research, accelerating innovation capacity building, and striving to promote product quality and reliability. The upgrade of sex and life span will increase the promotion and application of advanced technologies and industrialization. Adhere to the four basic principles of “adhere to market orientation, play a guiding role in policyâ€, “adhere to production and demand cooperation, promote professional productionâ€, “adhere to independent innovation, actively carry out international cooperationâ€, “adhere to key breakthroughs, and promote overall industrial upgrading†To create an environment conducive to the development of the "three-base" industries to high-end industries, improve the overall level of the "three-base" industries and international competitiveness, and lay a solid foundation for realizing a large change in the equipment manufacturing industry. The "Plan" clarifies the development goals of the "three-base" industries during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period. After five years of efforts, China's "three-base" industrial innovation capability has been significantly enhanced, the level of processing and manufacturing has been significantly improved, and it can basically meet major equipment. The development needs of the industry and the serious lag in industrial development have changed. Specifically including: supporting capabilities, major equipment required mechanical infrastructure supporting capabilities increased to more than 75%; basic level of manufacturing technology to enhance overall high-end large and precision castings and forgings to meet the basic needs of domestic; major equipment required a substantial level of basic materials Promote. In terms of innovation capability, the reliability, performance consistency and stability of mechanical parts have been significantly improved, and the service life of products has increased by 15% to 20%, breaking through the core technologies and industrialization of a number of key basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials. Technology, forming a group of R&D and testing and testing public service platforms.
In terms of organizational structure, it has established a supporting system that is coordinated with the development of the host, a high starting point for technology, specialization, and large quantities; it has formed a large-scale enterprise group with international competitiveness that has a sales income of more than 10 billion yuan for several years, nurturing 100 famous brands. The "professional, refined and special" enterprises have optimized 30 characteristic industrial agglomeration areas. In respect of energy saving, emission reduction and emission reduction, comprehensive promotion and application of green manufacturing processes and equipment, the utilization rate of raw materials increased by 10%, the energy consumption per ton of qualified castings decreased by 0.12 tons of standard coal, the energy consumption per ton of qualified forgings decreased by 0.08 tons of standard coal, and the energy consumption per ton of heat treatment parts With a reduction of 150 kWh, the amount of pollutants emitted was significantly reduced.
"Planning" proposes that by 2020, an industrial structure coordinated with the development of the host machine will be formed to meet the demand for major equipment and high-end equipment for mechanical basic parts, basic manufacturing processes and basic materials, and the innovation capability and international competitiveness will be at the international advanced level. Some areas are leading internationally.
Focus on the development of 11 types of basic parts The reporter noted that the "plan" to determine the focus is more detailed. The "Planning" proposes to focus on the development of 11 types of mechanical basic parts, 6 types of basic manufacturing processes and 2 types of basic materials, focusing on the major equipment and supporting needs of high-end equipment. Concentrate superior resources, focusing on the development of 20 kinds of iconic mechanical basic parts, 15 landmark basic manufacturing processes and 12 kinds of iconic basic materials, and realize industrialization.
Specifically, in the field of mechanical basic parts, 11 types of mechanical parts, such as high-speed, precision, and heavy-load bearings with strong stimuli and large radiation effects, will be selected as the development priorities, and the performance, reliability, and longevity will be the main focus of development. Make it at or near the international advanced level. Taking bearing as an example, the focus is on 2MW and above fan unit bearings, high-speed EMU bearings, and high-speed and high-precision CNC machine tool bearings; hydraulic components include high-pressure hydraulic components for construction machinery, high-pressure hydraulic valves, and hydrostatic drive devices for agricultural machinery. Species.
In the field of basic manufacturing processes, we will focus on the development of six advanced and green manufacturing processes that will reduce energy and material consumption, improve the environment, and improve product quality and efficiency. In the field of basic materials, the main purpose of economic sustainability will be to focus on the development of high-quality structural materials and process materials required for key basic components.
The “Specialty†for the optimization of clusters of distinctive industries has established seven major tasks, including strengthening independent innovation and promoting industrial technological progress; optimizing the industrial structure and promoting the coordinated development of enterprises; building an R&D and service platform to enhance sustainable development; and increasing technological transformation. , Change the mode of industrial development; Strengthen industry management, improve the overall quality of the industry; Promote the integration of the two, increase the level of informatization; Implement the "double upgrade project of mechanical basic parts and basic manufacturing processes."
"Planning" makes it clear that we will promote the construction of a new industry system that combines enterprises with research, production and research. Encourage "three-base" enterprises to jointly establish research and development institutes, industrial technology alliances, and other technological innovation organizations with scientific research institutes, universities, and host manufacturing enterprises, and give priority to supporting national pilot innovation enterprises, national technology innovation demonstration enterprises, and nationally recognized enterprise technologies. Centers such as innovation capacity building and national key laboratories, national engineering laboratories, national engineering research centers, national engineering technology research centers and other public R&D platforms. Support socialization and professional technology service organizations such as the Industry Productivity Promotion Center to serve “three-based†enterprises.
The "Plan" proposes that through policy guidance, enterprises should promote cross-regional and cross-ownership mergers and reorganizations, integrate superior resources, increase industrial concentration, and form large-scale enterprise groups with high starting points, international competitiveness, and output value exceeding 10 billion yuan. . Encourage the “three-base†enterprises to develop in the direction of specialization, market segmentation, and distinctive features, and focus on cultivating 100 “professional, refined, and special†companies that possess core technology, high professionalism, and well-known brands. We will bring into play the leading and radiating role of leading enterprises and form an industrial structure with complementary advantages and coordinated development between large-scale enterprise groups and small and medium-sized enterprises.
At the same time, increase the support and guidance for existing industrial agglomeration areas such as bearings, gears, hydraulic parts, pneumatic parts, seals, chains and sprockets, fasteners, springs, molds, and basic materials, and guide enterprises to gather in the industrial park. . In combination with the “New Industrialization Demonstration Baseâ€, a group of modern industrial agglomerations with distinctive characteristics, outstanding brand image, complete service platform, and relatively concentrated thermal processing will be developed. We will cultivate 30 specialty industrial agglomerations with specialized division of labor and industrial chain collaboration to form a rational and coordinated industrial structure.
In the “triple-based†industrial agglomeration zone, financial market and financial institutions are encouraged to make full use of the existing policies, expand the financing channels of enterprises, and improve the integrity of the “three-based†enterprises under the conditions of commercial sustainability and controllable risks. Guarantee system, develop financial products such as trade financing, accounts receivable financing, and innovative service models. Encourage the listing and financing of advantageous enterprises.
"Planning" also proposes to select 50 advanced green manufacturing processes with mature technologies, wide coverage and significant application effects. "Plan" also proposes to continue to promote enterprise information design in the product design, production process, logistics management, sales and service management, financial management and other aspects. Develop and promote product design software and management software suitable for "three-base" SMEs. Encourage the establishment of continuous improvement, timely response of customer relationships and supply chain management systems between the “triple-based†enterprises and host users, and achieve upstream and downstream information sharing and business collaboration in the industry chain. Cultivate a batch of integrated demonstration companies.
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