1 Introduction
Pima is co-invested by three companies, including Semex Mining. Pima is located 32km southwest of Taksen, Arizona, 80km from the Mexican border. The deposit was discovered in 1950. On January 1, 1957, the 3kt/d plant was officially put into production. After the first expansion in August 1963, the production capacity reached 6kt/d. In 1972, the designed production capacity was 55kt/d through 4 expansions, and the actual production capacity is 54~55kt/d.
Pima 1974 can produce copper concentrate daily 863t / d (Cu), molybdenum concentrate 5.7t / d (Mo).
2. Deposits, ores and mining
In the Pima copper-molybdenum ore body, the main copper mineral is chalcopyrite, and the high-grade ore contains a small amount of molybdenum ore in the contact zone of metamorphic rocks. The porphyrite, natural copper, chrysocolla, and cuprite are present in the shale . The chalcopyrite is porphyry mineralized in the feldspar - quartz sandstone with a grade of 0.54% Cu and 0.014% Mo.
Large-scale exposed mining technology for mines.
3. Mineral processing technology
There are three plants in Pima: plant I (40kt/d, 0.54% Cu), plant II (design 14kt/d, actual 16.5kt/d, 0.3%~0.4% Cu for low grade ore) . Both plants are copper-molybdenum mixed flotation plants. The other is the molybdenum plant – the copper-molybdenum separation.
Pima Plant I: The crushing process is shown in Figure 1. The flotation process has 10 grinding-floating series. Each series adopts: 1 set of ×3.1×4.9m rod mill, equipped with 2 closed loops of 3.2×4.0m ball mill and cyclone. The mixed flotation uses a coarse, one sweep, coarse concentrate regrind and three selected processes, and adds a selection of sweeping foam and a refining foam-re-grinding operation in the middle mine, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 1 Pima selection plant I crushing process
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Figure 2 Pima selection plant I flotation process
Pima Plant I: Semi-autogenous grinding with a combination of coarse crushing and sieve (two sets of ¢8.5×3.7m semi- autogenous grinder , power 4500kW/set), and the size of the product under the sieve is 75%~80%-200 mesh. The ball mill with closed circuit (2 sets of ×5.0×5.8m, 2250kW/set) is used for two-stage closed-circuit grinding. Product fineness 80% -65 mesh. The hybrid flotation process is simple and carried out in a three-row flotation machine. The average grade of the plant I is: 0.5% Cu for mine, 0.07% Cu for tailings, 8%~10% Cu for coarse concentrate, 14kt/d for raw ore, and 800~l00t/d for mixed concentrate. The mixed concentrate is pumped to the plant I for fine sweeping.
Copper-molybdenum sorting: Due to fluctuations in the amount of mixed concentrates, fluctuations in copper and molybdenum content and ore types in the ore, which bring many difficulties to sorting, require high flexibility in the process and pharmaceutical systems. The process is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Pumma plant copper-molybdenum sorting process
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4, molybdenum and talc sorting
Since the ore contains talc, its easy-floating properties affect the quality of the molybdenum concentrate. In November 1975, the introduction of patent copper - molybdenum during sorting, containing 27% Cu, 0.5% Mo bulk concentrate and talc were added aluminum sulfate (or magnesium sulphate) with a solution of sodium silicate, talc suppressed. In 1975, the molybdenum concentrate was increased from 40% to 43% in terms of roasting, the cost was also reduced, and the equipment cost was saved by $27,500.
5. Mineral processing agent
Copper-molybdenum mixed flotation section (g/t ore) | |||
lime | 1200 | Add to the ball mill | |
Amyl potassium xanthate | 6.8 | ||
MIBC | 15.0 | ||
Copper-molybdenum mixed flotation section (g/t mixed concentrate) | |||
NaHS | 1800~3600 | Added to: Featured 1 # , 2 # | |
NaCN or zinc cyanide | Featured 2.6 | ||
Exform636 | Featured 5 | ||
Potassium permanganate (suppression FeS 2) | Featured 5 | ||
Water glass | Featured 6 | ||
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The following table lists the production targets for the Pima Mine in 1974.
Table 1974 Pima Mine Production Indicators
product | Production (t/d) | Grade (%) | Copper distribution rate (%) | Molybdenum distribution rate (%) total separation section | |||||||||
Cu | Mo | Fe | Zn | Insolubles | S | Pb | Re | Au | Ag | ||||
Raw ore | 54944 | 0.504 | 0.014 | 3.7 | 0.028 | 81.7 | 3.2 | 100.0 | |||||
Copper-molybdenum mixed concentrate | 857 | 27.13 | 0.439 | ||||||||||
Copper concentrate | 863 | 27.30 | 0.164 | 28.7 | 0.830 | 8.5 | 32 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 91.0 | 84.44 | 37.1 | |
Molybdenum concentrate | 5.2 | 1.80 | 42.16 | 4.1 | 0.340 | 18.1 | 31 | 0.06 | 0.028 | 33.7 | 62.9 | ||
Tailings | 54075 | 0.08 | 2.9 | 0.014 | 83.0 | 1.59 | 15.56 | 10.0 | |||||
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