Independent valve industry system

With the rapid development of foreign large-scale industry, the valve industry's production and development is also very rapid. Before about the 1950s, many countries formed independent valve specialties and their industrial systems, and they had valve industry organizations or valve professional academic organizations. For example, there are valve industry associations in two European countries, the United States, and the United Kingdom, valve industry associations and valve research associations in Japan, and valves in Europe and the former Soviet Union. Design Institute. These valve industries and professional organizations are all set up to increase production technology and the need for external competition. The composition of the valve industry in several major industrial developed countries is as follows.

Number of employees in the valve industry (in 1990, for example) There are 77,500 employees in the United States, of which 70% are workers, 30% are technology and management personnel, 80,000 are in the UK, 52,500 in Germany, 35,000 in Japan, 15,000 in Italy and 11,519 in France .

The total number of valve manufacturers in the United States is 900, the largest number of companies is 3,500; Japan is 1,507, the largest number of companies is 900; Germany is 450, the largest number of companies is 3,300; Britain is 490, the largest number of companies is 1,100; France, 400, the largest enterprises The number of people is 1,000; it can be seen that the largest number of valve manufacturers is Japan, and the largest number of employees is the United States. The Japanese valve industry employs only one-half of the United States, and the total number of companies is nearly twice that of the United States. Compared with the United States, Japan’s valve industry is mostly small and medium-sized, with about 250 larger companies. Since the beginning of the 1980s, the number of employees in the valve industry in various countries has decreased to some extent, and the most significant reduction has been in France, from 21,000 in the 1980s to 1l519 in the late 1980s (1988).

The total output value of the valve (taking 1990 as an example) US 107.4 billion U.S. dollars 7.958 billion U.S. deutsche marks Japan 484.143 billion yen Fato approximately 61.00 million francs (1987) U.K. 601 million pounds (1986).

The history of valve trade is almost as old as the history of valve production, but large-scale valve trade is a modern matter. After the Second World War, due to the demand for post-war reconstruction in many countries, large quantities of imported valve products and manufacturing techniques were imported at the same time when large quantities of technical equipment were introduced, forming the first wave of post-war valve trade. Valve trade in this period took the role of the United States, its product exports accounted for about half of the world's valve trade, and licensing trade with the purpose of technology exports is an absolute advantage.

Germany is the world's largest exporter of valves. In 1985, the Italian valve trade exceeded the United States, ranking second. In 1987, the proportion of the total import and export volume of valves in industrialized countries was 22.2% in Germany, 16.5% in Italy, 10.9% in the United States, 10.7% in Japan, and 9.7% in France. In 1985, the ranking of the world’s top six valve import and export trades was as follows: : German 2739.8 million German marks, Italian 2127.5 million German marks, the United States 1833.1 million German marks, Japan 1683.5 million marks, France 1545.7 million marks, Britain 1376.7 million marks.

The international valve trade market has been very active in recent years and competition is fierce. Stronger forces are Germany and the United States. Germany is the world's largest exporter of valves. In 1985, Yi Renli's valve trade exceeded the United States, ranking second. In 1987, the proportion of the total import and export volume of valves in developed countries was 22.2% in Germany, 16.5% in Italy, 10.9% in the United States, l0.7% in Japan, and 9.7% in France. In 1985, the ranking of the world's top eight valve import and export trades was as follows: Germany's 2739.8 million deutsche marks, Italy's profit of 2l27.5 million deutsche marks, and the United States' 1833. I million German mark, Japan 1683.5 million mark, France 1545.7 million mark, Britain l376.7 million mark.