When designing the stamping die, the following requirements must be met: 1) The mold structure should ensure easy operation, safety and reliability, and the operator can smoothly complete the stamping work without the hand, the arm and the head reaching into the danger zone. 2) Convenient and safe for commissioning, installation, repair, handling and storage. No accidents will occur due to mold structure problems. 3) The mould parts should have sufficient strength and the material selection should be reasonable. The mould should avoid external convex and concave irrelevant to the function. The outer part should be chamfered. The guide pillar guide sleeve should be away from the operator. The mold pressure center should pass or be close to the mold handle center line. Important parts such as guiding and positioning, so that the operation can be seen clearly. 4) When designing the mold, the position of the mechanized device should be considered to replace the manual operation with mechanized and automated devices if necessary. 5) The structure of the top piece, pusher and unloading plate must be reliable. 6) Does not make the operator feel unsafe.
The main safety technical measures for the stamping die structure are listed.
1 All outer edges that are not related to function should be rounded or chamfered to avoid skin damage.
2The front side of the upper mold base is beveled to increase the safe operation space.
3 In the composite mold, in order to reduce the dangerous section as much as possible, a groove or a slope should be made between the discharge plate and the die, and the width before and after the unloading is minimized.
4The mold is opened with empty slots for safe operation and convenient feeding.
5 In the drawing die, for the convenience of picking up, a gap should be opened on the left side (facing the die)
6 use a cover to prevent the spring from flying out
7 Use an elastic scraper plate to remove the parts instead of the hand. The scraper plate is suitable for occasions where the thickness of the workpiece is greater than 1.5mm.
8 If the workpiece must be manually loaded into the die and the operation poses a hazard to the worker, the lower die can be made pull-out to avoid loading and unloading the workpiece in a hazardous area.
9 control device for the gear device with cam control and ramp control
10 The upper and lower molds are easy to reverse, and the guide columns should be staggered, or large and small guide columns should be used.
11 single-sided blanking, the "slot" portion of the punch should be located on the back side
12 In the guide type blanking die, in order to avoid pressing hands, the distance between the unloading plates is generally not less than 15"20mm
13 reduce the contact area of ​​the upper and lower molds to reduce the danger zone
14 The minimum distance from the plane on the base of the mold to the lower plane of the upper mold base or the plane of the press slider shall not be less than 50mm.
15 In order to prevent the top piece from falling due to damage, it should be made into a stepped structure. When made by threads, riveting, etc., protective measures such as locknuts should be used.
16 use the chute to feed the workpiece into the die
17 hook-shaped feeding structure assembled with the mold
18 The hand mold is moved under the punch by hand to prevent the hand from entering the dangerous area, and the mold can be loaded and unloaded outside the mold.
19 The connecting rod on the upper die and the lower die is hinged by the intermediate shaft pin, and the connector is mounted on the axle pin. When the slider is at the upper pole, the connector extends into the upper and lower die to indirectly live the workpiece drawn from the upper die. When the slider descends, the connector exits. When the slider goes to the lower pole, the connector tilts and the workpiece falls into the receptacle.
Second, the safety technology of die installation, handling and storage
1. The die installation and handling life of the die, work safety and punch quality are of great relationship with the correct installation of the die. 1) The die should be correctly installed on the press so that the upper and lower parts of the die are not deflected and displaced, which ensures high accuracy of the mold and avoids waste. And can guarantee the life of the mold. 2) When the mold is installed, the mold with the guide should be moved to the work surface at the same time. Since the large mold is inconvenient to move on the work surface, it should be positioned as accurately as possible according to the feeding direction of the material, the method of taking out the product, and the position of the hole of the air cushion ram. Fix the upper die first, then fix the lower die according to the position of the upper die. 3) The method of fixing the upper mold includes press plate pressing, screw fastening, dovetail groove fitting and mold shank fixing. For small and medium sized molds, the most common method is to fix the mold shank. After the mold handle is loaded into the crank handle hole of the crank press, it is fixed by the mold holder. When clamping the die shank, tighten the two nuts on the clamp, and then use the lag screw to tighten the die shank. 4) When the large mold is fixed by the die shank, in order to enhance the reliability of the fixing, the die shank with the fixed bevel is made. Fasten with a set screw or the upper die holder of the mold is mounted with a hanging screw. 5) When the mode lever handle hole dimensions smaller than the size, prohibit the use of random block can be iron, iron and other debris as the liner, an opening must use special bushings or split bushings. Commonly used in port bushing form a) open bushing b) round split bushing c) square split bushing 6) The method of fixing the lower die mainly includes screw fixing and press plate fixing. The screw fixing is accurate and reliable, but the die manufacturing man-hour is increased, and the die is not convenient to assemble and disassemble, and is suitable for large and medium-sized dies. Figure 11-7 shows the lower die holder with a flat bottom hole, which is tightened by a screw. Figure 11-8 shows the lower die holder of the open groove, which is also tightened by a screw. The clamping plate is convenient and economical to fix the lower mold base, and is widely used in production. It is important to note that when installing the lower mold base, do not block the waste hole.
7) During the stamping production process, due to the vibration of the press, the fastening parts of the fixed die may be loosened, and the operator must pay attention to and check the working condition of each fastening part at any time. 8) For bulky dies, lifting hooks should be provided for easy installation and handling, usually with bolt hooks or welding hooks. In principle, a pair of molds uses four hooks, and the correct position is to maintain the balance after the tangent lifting. When the phase weight is 300"500kg, the vertical mounting welding hook; when the mold weight is 1000"5000kg, the bolt hook is installed horizontally on the side of the mold. 2. Safety of mold storage In order to protect the mold blade and rubber from premature loss of elasticity and damage, support pin support should be provided during mold storage, so that the upper and lower molds have a certain gap before and stored on a special tool holder.
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