The genus Cucurbita is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, consisting of annual, herbaceous, and creeping dicotyledonous plants. These plants are rich in nutrients and minerals, making them valuable not only for food processing but also as essential raw materials in pharmaceuticals. Growing squash in greenhouses allows for earlier maturation, improved quality, and higher economic returns. Below are some pollution-free greenhouse cultivation techniques that farmers can refer to for successful pumpkin farming. First, choose high-quality pumpkin varieties that are bright in color, flavorful, and suitable for local conditions. Before planting, soak the seeds in 50°C water for 15 minutes. Stir the seeds with an alcohol thermometer to maintain the temperature at 50°C for that duration, then lower the temperature to 30°C and let them soak for 1–2 hours. Afterward, rinse the seeds to remove any mucus and place them in a germination container covered with a moisture-absorbing cloth. Germinate the seeds at a constant temperature between 25°C and 30°C. Keep the cloth moist and turn the seeds 3–4 times daily. Within 48 hours, sprouts should appear. Before sowing, prepare nutrient soil with the following composition: 40% field soil, 40% decomposed farmyard manure, and 20% peat soil. Mix thoroughly and sieve the mixture. To disinfect the nutrient soil, mix 200 ml of formalin with 25 kg of water per 1000 kg of soil. Pile the mixture and cover it with plastic film for 2–3 days to kill bacteria. After 10–15 days, remove the plastic film to allow the chemical odor to dissipate before using the soil in seedling pots. When sowing, place the sprouted seeds into pre-filled pots with the nutrient soil, one seed per pot. Cover with 1.5 cm of sterile nutrient soil and place a plastic film over the pot to maintain warmth and humidity. Once the seedlings emerge, ensure they receive adequate light and maintain temperatures between 20°C and 25°C during the day, and 15°C to 18°C at night. The ground temperature should be around 20°C to 23°C. Water the seedlings thoroughly when needed, avoiding overwatering. To prevent diseases like damping-off, practice crop rotation and avoid overcrowding. Remove infected plants promptly and use bio-pesticides for control. Common pests include aphids, locusts, and beetles, which can be managed with biological insecticides such as Sutural Snow. Planting should begin when the soil temperature at 10 cm depth remains above 5°C for more than five days. Seedlings should have at least five true leaves (around 35 days old) and be hardened off before transplanting. Buckle film cultivation can be done 4–5 days earlier. For planting methods, two options are available: one involves mulch film removal and ridge planting, with a row spacing of 140 cm and plant spacing of 48 cm. The second method uses buckled film and ridge planting, with a wider row spacing of 210 cm and closer plant spacing of 32 cm. This helps utilize the vine's spreading nature effectively. Aim for about 1000 plants per mu. Field management includes maintaining proper temperature and humidity, timely ventilation, and weeding. During the fruiting stage, apply urea after the first vine training, and then use a compound fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium along with organic matter when the fruits reach about 12 cm in diameter. Prune vines by removing side shoots and leaving only one main vine. Press the vines after the second leaf node. In greenhouses, artificial pollination is necessary due to limited ventilation. Pollinate between 5–9 AM for best results. For pest and disease control, powdery mildew can be treated with 15% triadimefon diluted 2500 times or 30% DT suspension diluted 500 times. For bacterial infections, use streptomycin at 1 million units per 15 kg of water. Insect pests can be controlled with 15 grams of Sutherine per 25 grams of water. When the pumpkin flowers fade and a waxy layer appears on the surface with small nodules, it indicates maturity. Harvest and market the pumpkins promptly.

Steel Products

Steel products refer to a wide range of products made from steel, a versatile and durable material that is used in a variety of industries. Steel products can be classified into two main categories: flat products and long products.

Flat products include sheets, coils, plates, and strips that are used in the construction, automotive, and appliance industries. These products are typically produced through hot rolling or cold rolling processes.

Long products include bars, rods, wires, and tubes that are used in the construction, manufacturing, and infrastructure industries. These products are typically produced through hot rolling or cold drawing processes.

Other steel products include pipes, fittings, valves, and forgings that are used in the oil and gas, petrochemical, and power generation industries. Steel is also used to make a variety of consumer products, such as cutlery, kitchen appliances, and furniture.

Steel Products,Cutting Sheet Metal,Corrugated Metal Siding,Galvanized Punching Parts

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