After nearly 20 years of application, research and development, computer protection has achieved great success in the power system, and has accumulated a wealth of operating experience, has produced significant economic benefits, and greatly improved the level of power system operation and management. In recent years, with the rapid development of computer technology and the widespread application of computers in the relay protection field of power systems, new control principles and methods have been continuously applied to computer relay protection in order to achieve better results and thus enable the use of microcomputers. The research of relay protection has developed to a higher level, and the future trend of relay protection technology is to computerized, networked, intelligentized, protected, controlled, measured, and data-based.
Computerization
With the rapid development of computer hardware, microcomputer protection hardware is also constantly developing. The requirements of the power system for the protection of microcomputers are constantly increasing. In addition to the basic functions of protection, long-term storage space for large-capacity fault information and data, fast data processing functions, strong communication capabilities, and other protection and control devices and scheduling are also required. Networking to share system-wide data, information, and network resources, high-level language programming, and more. This requires that the microcomputer protection device has the function equivalent to a PC. Microcomputerization and computerization of relay protection devices are irreversible trends. However, detailed studies on how to better meet the requirements of the power system, how to further improve the reliability of relay protection, and how to achieve greater economic and social benefits are needed.
2 Networking
Computer networks as information and data communication tools have become the technical pillars of the information age. They have profoundly affected various industrial fields and provided powerful communication means for various industrial fields. Until now, all relay protection devices have responded only to the electrical quantities at the installation site except for differential protection and pilot protection. The role of relay protection is mainly to remove faulty components and reduce the scope of accidents. The role of relay protection is not limited to cutting off faulty components and limiting the scope of accidents, but also ensuring the safe and stable operation of the entire system. This requires that each protection unit can share system-wide data on operation and failure information. Each protection unit and reclosing device coordinate actions on the basis of analyzing these information and data to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system. Obviously, the basic condition for realizing such system protection is to connect the protection devices of all main equipments of the whole system with computer networks, that is, to realize the networking of the microcomputer protection devices.
3 intelligence
With the development of smart grids, distributed generation and interactive power supply modes have imposed higher requirements on relay protection. On the other hand, the rapid development of communications and information technologies, and the increasing popularity of digital technologies and applications in all walks of life are also explorations. The new protection principle provides the conditions for real-time monitoring of the operation status of key equipment such as power generation, transmission, distribution, and power supply by using sensors in the smart grid, and then collects and integrates the acquired data through the network system, and finally performs the data. analysis. With this information, the operating conditions can be monitored and remote dynamic monitoring and correction of protection functions and protection settings can be realized. In addition, for the protection device, the protection function needs the operation information of other related devices in addition to the operation information of the protection object. On the one hand to ensure the accurate real-time identification of the fault, on the other hand to ensure that without a small amount of manual intervention, can quickly isolate the fault, self-recovery, to avoid the occurrence of large-scale blackouts.
Protection, control, measurement, and data communication integration Under the conditions of achieving computerized and networked relay protection, the protection device is actually a high-performance, multi-functional computer that is an intelligence on the entire power system computer network. terminal. It can obtain any information and data on the operation and failure of the power system from the Internet, and can also transmit any information and data of the protected components it has obtained to the network control center or any terminal. Therefore, each microprocessor protection device can not only complete the relay protection function, but also complete the measurement, control, and data communication functions under normal operating conditions without faults, ie, protection, control, measurement, and data communication.
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